Effects of Black Liquor Shocks on the Stability of Activated Sludge Treatment of Kraft Pulp Mill Effluent: Morphological Alteration in Daphnia magna and Mutagenicity and Genotoxicity Response in Salmonella typhimurium

The objective of this study is to evaluate the stability activated sludge (AS) in treatment kraft pulp mill effluent exposed black liquor shock, as well effect its exposure on morphology Daphnia magna and DNA damage through mutagenicity genotoxicity response Salmonella typhimurium. To end, we applied doses 2-, 4-, 10-, 30-mL liquor/L influent—shock 1 (S1), shock 2 (S2), 3 (S3), 4 (S4), respectively—to effluent. system was checked by analyzing heterotrophic biomass activity discharge quality, evaluated using Ames test magna. results show that chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency for normal conditions 64.84%, falling 61.68%, 61.31% S1 S2, respectively, values 52.11% S3 20.34% S4. decreased after each applied, but then recovered. There no evidence lethal toxicity (LC50) at any concentrations. Therefore, it feasible apply S2 an AS treats